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The Kingdom of Serbia ((セルビア語:Краљевина Србија/Kraljevina Srbija); (ドイツ語:Königreich Serbien); (ラテン語:Regnum Serviae)) was a province (crownland) of the Habsburg monarchy from 1718 to 1739. It was formed from the territories to the south of the rivers Sava and Danube, corresponding to the ''paşalık'' of Belgrade, conquered by the Habsburgs from the Ottoman Empire in 1717. It was abolished and returned to the Ottoman Empire in 1739. Although Habsburg rule was more oppressive than Ottoman and exploited the local Serb majority, the latter did benefit from self-government, including an autonomous militia, and economic integration with the Habsburg monarchy—reforms that contributed to the growth of the Serb middle class and were continued by the Ottomans "in the interest of law and order".〔Dennis P. Hupchick, ''The Balkans: From Constantinople to Communism'', 213.〕 Serbia's population increased rapidly from 270,000 to 400,000, but the decline of Habsburg power in the region provoked the second Great Serb Migration (1737–39). ==History== In 1688–89, during the Great Turkish War, the Habsburg troops temporarily took control over most of present-day Serbia, but were subsequently forced into retreat. The Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699 recognized Ottoman authority over most of present-day Serbia, while the region of Bačka and the western part of Syrmia were assigned to the Habsburgs. After the gains of 1718, the Habsburgs sought to integrate Serbia into their empire. The land was officially named the "Kingdom of Serbia", because it was neither a part of the Holy Roman Empire nor the Kingdom of Hungary. The actual administration of the province was in the hands of an appointed governor. Not all the Serb-inhabited territory conquered by the Habsburgs in 1718 was included into Kingdom of Serbia. A large eastern province was administratively separate as the Banat of Temeswar. After a new Austro-Turkish War (1737–39), the Habsburg monarchy lost all territories south of the Sava and Danube rivers, including the whole territory of the Kingdom of Serbia, it retained, however, the Banat of Temeswar. The end of Habsburg rule resulted in the second Great Serb Migration (1737–39). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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